基于网络药理学探讨祛湿通脉法在类风湿性关节炎中的作用

目的通过网络药理学探究全蝎、益母草、金钱草治疗类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的药理机制,为祛湿通脉法的临床运用提供理论依据。方法基于TCMSP、TCMID数据库搜集全蝎、益母草、金钱草成分及靶点,通过Cytoscape软件构建成分-靶点网络;通过TTD、DrugBank数据收集RA相关靶点,在STRING数据库构建靶点互作PPI网络。在Genomics数据库分析药物和疾病共有靶点,并利用Cytoscape软件中Cluego插件分析共同靶点的信号通路,最后构建成分-靶点-通路网络图并分析。结果益母草、金钱草、全蝎发挥治疗RA的成分可能是槲皮素、山柰酚等;发挥治疗作用的靶点可能包括IL-6、TNF、JUN、PTGS1、PTGS2、PIK3CG等;其关键作用通路包括L-17信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、NF-κB信号通路等13条。结论益母草、金钱草、全蝎治疗RA作用的药理学机制可能是通过多组分、多靶点、多通路实现,祛湿通脉法运用于RA治疗具有一定的价值。     

PS结合CPAP治疗新生儿肺透明膜病的疗效

目的 探讨PS(肺表面活性物质)结合CPAP(鼻塞式持续气道正压通气)对新生儿肺透明膜病患儿的治疗效果.方法 随机选取医院2016年8月—2018年8月收治的106例新生儿肺透明膜病患儿,并将其均分为常规组(n=53)与联合组(n=53).其中对常规组患儿单纯用鼻塞式持续气道正压通气治疗,对联合组患儿在前者基础上配合肺表面活性物质治疗.结果 联合组患儿治愈率显著高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与常规组患儿相比,联合组患儿肺炎发生率更低,且氧疗时间更短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 肺表面活性物质联合鼻塞式持续气道正压通气治疗新生儿肺透明膜病,其疗效更明显,可在提高临床治愈率的同时,减少肺炎发生率并缩短氧疗时间.     

《黄帝内经》疫病发病与防治理论概述

疫病指的是具有传染性、流行性的疾病,早在《黄帝内经》中已有相关记载,其中关于疫病发病与防治的理论至今仍对我们有所启示。《黄帝内经》认为疫病发病与天、人、邪三方面因素有关,人的正气虚又逢气候、运气失常时则易感邪而发病。疫病的病因病机应根据临床表现分析,也可结合运气学说根据发病时间分析。疫病的防治应重视治未病,既要避邪有时又要扶正祛邪,制定防治方案时应审察病机、无失气宜,且三因制宜可多种防治手段并举。     

中药雾化吸入联合常规疗法与护理措施干预甲状腺癌术后声音嘶哑效果分析

目的:观察在常规治疗与护理基础上加用中药雾化吸入治疗甲状腺癌术后声音嘶哑的效果。方法:纳入120例气阴两虚型甲状腺癌术后声音嘶哑患者,应用随机数字表法分为2组各60例,2组均采用常规治疗与护理措施干预,观察组加用中药雾化吸入治疗,2组疗程均为1个月。治疗前后评价2组患者的声音嘶哑情况评分,评价患者在观察期的用药依从性,出院前评价护理满意度,并比较2组的治疗效果。结果:治疗1个月后,观察组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的用药依从性情况较好,绝大多数患者能够按时按量用药,不受症状波动的影响,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规治疗与护理基础上加用中药雾化吸入干预甲状腺癌术后声音嘶哑,可有效改善声音嘶哑、提高疗效,提高患者的用药依从性和对护理措施的满意度。     

滋阴清嗓汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘发作期患儿IgE、IL-4、IL-5水平的影响及安全性分析

目的:探究滋阴清嗓汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)发作期患儿免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)的影响及安全性。方法:选取2018年1月—2019年6月在河南省儿童医院东三街院区呼吸科一病区住院治疗的170例CVA患儿,随机分为中医联合组(85例)和西医常规组(85例)。所有患儿均给予西医常规治疗,中医联合组加用滋阴清嗓汤。两组均连续治疗14 d后,观察并比较两组的疗效、症状改善时间、临床主要症状积分、外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)内IL-4、IL-5、血清IgE水平、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)及肺功能指标水平。结果:中医联合组患儿痊愈率为80.00%(68/85),显著高于西医常规组痊愈率61.18%(52/85)(P<0.05)。中医联合组患儿症状改善时间(咳嗽减轻、咳嗽消退、夜咳停止的时间)均显著短于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿咳嗽、咽痛、喉痒评分均显著下降,且中医联合组显著低于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿PBMC内IL-4、IL-5及血清IgE水平均显著下降,且中医联合组均显著低于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者FeNO和1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)均显著下降(P<0.05),呼气峰流速(PEF)均显著升高(P<0.05),组间比较,中医联合组均显著优于西医常规组(P<0.05)。两组患者在治疗期间均未发生明显不良反应和不良事件。结论:滋阴清嗓汤对CVA发作期患儿具有良好的疗效,可发挥较好的滋阴清热、止咳平喘、改善慢性炎症作用,有效改善其临床症状,安全性高,值得推广。     

Comprehensive analysis of the relationship between competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks and tumor infiltrating-cells in hepatocellular carcinoma

BackgroundThe innovation of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) represents a promising shift in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, response to ICB has varied largely due to the high tumor heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment (TME). The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network also plays an important role in tumor occurrence and progression, but its relation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) remains largely unexplored in HCC. The overriding objective of our study was thus to construct a prognosis-related risk model and to further evaluate the relationship between ceRNA networks and TICs.MethodsDifferentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed RNAs. Lasso and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to construct risk models, which were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC of ROC) and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves. Then, a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm was adopted to dissect the TICs in HCC samples. Nomograms were constructed and calibration curves were used to verify the discrimination and accuracy of the nomograms. Finally, integration analysis was performed to validate the correlation of ceRNA and TICs.ResultsIn the study, 7 differentially expressed RNAs [5 messenger RNA s (mRNAs) and 2 micro RNAs (miRNAs)] were incorporated to construct a ceRNA risk model. The AUC of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 0.784, 0.685, and 0.691 respectively. Likewise, 7 types TICs were in the TICs signature model and the AUC of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 0.706, 0.731, and 0.721 respectively. The integration analysis showed that 7 pairs of mRNA-TICs and 1 pair of miRNA-TICs had a close relation (all correlation coefficients >0.2, P<0.001).ConclusionsThrough constructing two risk models based on ceRNA network and TICs, we identified the hub RNAs and key TICs in the progression and prognosis of HCC, and further explored the relationship between ceRNA and TME. Importantly, targeting these hub RNAs may facilitate the remodeling of the TME and be a potential therapeutic alternative to enhancing the response to ICB, thus improving the prognosis of HCC patients.     

Indwelling catheter increases the risk of urinary tract infection in total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background:The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess whether a urinary catheter is necessary for all patients in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All RCTs were compared with receive either an indwelling urinary catheter or no urinary catheter in TKA. Primary outcomes were urinary retention and urinary tract infection. Secondary outcomes were the length of stay, duration of the surgery, and the first urination time.Results:A total of 6 RCTs involving 1334 patients were included in the meta-analysis. No significant difference between the 2 groups was found in urinary retention (P = .52), length of stay (P = .38), duration of the surgery (P = .55). However, patients with an indwelling catheter were associated with a higher risk of urinary tract infections and longer time for the first urination than patients without indwelling catheters (P = .009 and P = .004).Conclusion:The available evidence indicates that patients without using the indwelling catheters could reduce urinary tract infections and the time for the first urination, without increase in the incidence of urinary retention in primary TKA.Level of Evidence:Level I, therapeutic study.     

广泛性焦虑障碍心理治疗研究进展

总结广泛性焦虑症(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)心理治疗方法,分析不同心理治疗的疗效及研究进展,为今后多角度、整合式运用各种心理疗法治疗GAD提供新思路.     

运动康复治疗在心血管疾病中的机制研究

近年来,心血管疾病的发病率呈逐年升高趋势,其中冠心病、心力衰竭等具有病程长、致死率高的特点,严重影响患者的生存质量。运动康复治疗可有效改善患者生存质量,降低住院率及病死率。运动康复治疗对心血管疾病的作用较为复杂,可对冠心病、心力衰竭等患者带来不同程度的获益。目前,心脏运动康复治疗相关机制的研究较多,本文从心脏血管适应和心肌细胞适应2个方面总结了心脏康复治疗的最新相关机制研究进展,其内容涉及血管内皮功能、侧支形成、血小板抑制、心肌代谢、心肌兴奋耦联收缩、心肌电重构等,以期为心血管疾病的康复治疗方案提供依据。     

非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎与卒中

非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎（nonbacterial thromboendocarditis，NBTE）是一种异质性疾病，以 心脏瓣膜赘生物形成为特征。NBTE与恶性肿瘤及其他原因所致的高凝状态有关，是引起隐匿性卒中 的原因之一。经食道超声心动图和头颅MRI是诊断NBTE相关卒中的重要方法。合并恶性肿瘤的NBTE 患者发生卒中的风险较正常人群高，短期内卒中的复发率高、预后差。因此，早期识别NBTE相关性卒 中，并开展相应的治疗和二级预防是值得临床关注的问题。目前对NBTE的治疗包括原发肿瘤的治疗 和抗凝治疗两部分。